Small Mammals / Pocket Pets · Domestic Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)
Rabbit Care Guide: Nutrition, Health, and Habitat
Comprehensive rabbit care guide covering diet, habitat, health monitoring, dental needs, and handling techniques.
Rabbits require spacious living areas that allow for natural movement and exercise. A minimum of 2x4 feet per rabbit is recommended, but larger enclosures provide better welfare. Consider vertical space with shelves and hiding places to reduce stress. For rabbits kept outdoors, a secure, predator-proof enclosure with shelter from extreme weather is essential.
Temperature control is critical. Rabbits thrive in temperatures between 60°F (15°C) and 70°F (21°C), avoiding drafts and direct sunlight. Humidity should remain relatively low at 50-60%. Mimic the Mediterranean climate by providing a temperature gradient, allowing your rabbit to regulate its body temperature.
The foundation of a healthy rabbit diet is high-quality hay—timothy or alfalfa work well—constituting 80% of daily intake. Fresh veggies (about 10-15% of total) should be limited and rotated daily: leafy greens like kale, spinach, and collard greens; crunchy carrots; and sweet treats like berries in moderation.
Pellets specifically formulated for rabbits should make up only 5-10% of their diet. Choose products with balanced nutrition, avoiding those with added sugars or artificial ingredients. Always follow the manufacturer's feeding guidelines as a starting point, then adjust based on individual rabbit weight and activity level.
Fresh water must be available at all times in a heavy ceramic dish to prevent tipping. Change water daily to prevent bacterial growth. Rabbits have unique dental needs—grinding their teeth constantly requires constant chewing material. Provide untreated wood blocks or chew toys specifically designed for rabbits.
Rabbits are social, gentle animals that benefit from regular handling. Start with short sessions (5-10 minutes) and gradually increase time as your rabbit becomes comfortable. Support the body, lifting carefully under front legs and back to prevent joint stress. Handle them on a flat surface to avoid accidents.
Common health issues include dental problems due to inadequate chewing surfaces, gastrointestinal issues from poor diet quality, obesity when fed too many treats or not enough hay, respiratory infections from poor ventilation, and behavioral problems like excessive grooming indicating underlying health concerns.